The Italian Risorgimento, was not only an event closely linked to the events of the people but Italian, was a phenomenon that also influenced the struggle for independence of other peoples in search of a homeland. Among them, the story deserves a special place because of the independence of Serbia. Between 1800 and 1918 there were many moments when the two independence movements had the occasion to get in touch. In fact, during this time period, which corresponds to a concept in historiography long revival, numerous were the claims of interest that the thinkers and men of action of the Italian Risorgimento made against the Serbian national cause. At the same time, the events that happened in Italy were the object of admiration and careful analysis by the patriotic Serbs. This situation is not interested only thinkers, but also and above all, men of culture. In fact, this relationship between the Italian national cause and the Serb came through the work of people like Nicholas Tommaseo Francis Dall, Vuk Stefanovic Karadzic, Medo Pucic and, later, to Gabriele d'Annunzio. In 1844, while in Italy, the Carbonari intensified their presence on the territory and take our first attempts at insurrection in Serbia under Prince Alexander Karadjordjevic (1842-1858) were laying the foundation for the realization of a first program of national revival , which directly and indirectly Mazzini was right in thinking its ideological foundations. Author of the "National Programme of Serbia" was the foreign minister of the principality, Ilija Garasanin, a man of profound culture and expert estimates of the main liberal thinkers of our Paese.Questo "program not only provided the reforms, in a liberal and constitutional state, but also tended, at first, the creation of a great nation, which, starting from Serbia, would bring together, tracing indirectly expectations pan-Slav and Europe, of which Mazzini was convinced advocate of this great .. home of the Slav peoples, would have constituted a sort of "buffer" between the Empire of Austria and Russia. This project, strongly supported even in the Polish nationalist, he found the Minister Garasanin readily agreed, especially because it was not conceivable in the short term the collapse of the Austrian Empire, and above all it was necessary to consider the role of Russia in the region Balkans. Garasanin was strongly convinced that the Serbian national movement, would in the long run led to the creation of a nation of the South Slavs, which would falls Slovenes, Bosnians, Montenegrins, Croats and Serb minorities present in the Ottoman Empire and Austria. While waiting for the other components slave had given rise to movements of autonomy, Serbia would have to begin a serious program of modernization of the state, bureaucracy and armed forces, while it was necessary to enable a foreign policy aimed at raising the ' European public opinion on the situation in the Balkans seeking alliances in those countries that could not have interests in the area. It is surprising, as the work of Garasanin was, in general terms similar to the action Cavour in the small state of Piedmont. The comparison is not inappropriate. In fact, just Garasanin repeatedly declared that Serbia, as well as being the "sentinel of the East" of Europe was the "Piedmont" Balkan he could do for the South Slavs, that the small state was doing for the Sardinian national cause italiana.Questo brief memoir of the Minister Garasanin, evidenced by the profound cultural and historical ties that bind Italy and Serbia to the universal vocation of the Italian Risorgimento.
Dr. Barter
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